The study of metamorphic rocks gives us information about the temperature and pressure that occur at great depth within the earth’s crust. There are 3 factors that cause an increase in pressure and the formation of metamorphic rock. Rock Type: Metamorphic. Mixed metamorphic and igneous rock: Feldspar, quartz, mica, ferromagnesian minerals: Alternating layers of felsic igneous rock and mafic gneiss; the last metamorphic grade prior to complete melting: Migmatite: Non-foliated: Non-oriented grains: Fine to coarse grained, minerals visible: Calcite (CaCO 3) This is a medium grade metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks form 12% of the earth’s surface. It has gneissic or schistose foliation, is usually black in color, and looks like a collection of shiny, dark needles. Metamorphic grade is a general term for describing the relative temperature and pressure conditions under which metamorphic rocks form. As you can see in the photo above schist is a more coarse grained rock. The lack of index minerals makes it difficult to determine the metamorphic grade … As compared to the amphibolite metamorphic facies, the greenschist facies _____. Such areas are generally referred to as metamorphic core complexes. Schist is a medium grade metamorphic rock. Low-grade metamorphism takes place at temperatures between about 200 to 320 o C, and relatively low pressure. Metamorphic grade is a general term we use to describe the temperature at which metamorphism occurs. Marble and quartzite are nonfoliated rocks because _____. The original rock is subjected to heat (temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C) and pressure (100 megapascals (1,000 bar) or more), causing profound physical or chemical change.The protolith may be a sedimentary, igneous, or existing metamorphic rock. – An intermediate to high grade metamorphic rock produced from the metamorphism of basalt. Quartzite (slide 25) Metamorphic Rocks in the Landscape (slide 26) ... Phyllite is a low- to moderate-grade metamorphic rock that contains aligned platy mica minerals and has slaty cleavage. Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The process of low-grade metamorphic rocks being altered to form high-grade metamorphic rocks is termed _____ metamorphism. This eclogite specimen from Jenner, California, consists of high-magnesium pyrope garnet, green omphacite (a high-sodium/aluminum pyroxene) and deep-blue glaucophane (a sodium-rich amphibole). Metamorphic grade is important, not just because different kinds of rocks and minerals form at different temperatures, but because temperature affects chemical reaction rates. This means that it has been subjected to more heat and pressure than slate, which is a low grade metamorphic rock. Low grade metamorphic rocks are generally characterized by an abundance of hydrous minerals. The recrystallisation of the cement surrounding the original grains is as strong as the bonds within the quartz crystals, so quartzites tend to break through both the original grains and the recrystallised cement. The individual grains of minerals can be seen by the naked eye. Metamorphic grade refers to the general temperature and pressure conditions that prevailed during metamorphism. As the pressure and temperature increase, rocks undergo metamorphism at higher metamorphic grade. Prograde. ... quartzite—quartzite is a metamorphic rock made almost entirely of quartz, for which the protolith was quartz arenite. Metamorphism in these complexes may or may not be… Major constituents are hornblende and plagioclase. The rare schistose varieties are transitional to related rocks like gneiss, granulite, eclogite and greenshist. This type of metamorphic rock is the name of highest-grade metamorphic facies. 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